Wednesday, June 5, 2019

Global Capitalism and the Environment

Global Capitalism and the EnvironmentTong Huong LyAbstract A lot of researchers have examined the connection surrounded by capitalism and environmentalism. In this paper, I draw on those resources to build my argument. Firstly, I argue that capitalism has encouraged environmentalism by blurring boarders and distance. In particular, technological advances have support interconnections between places and allowed people to work together to protect the environment. This point is supported by (1) the analysis of environmental nicety and (2) the example of social media in environmental protest. Secondly, I contend that, capitalism has also strengthened the specificity of places. Climate changes effects vary between nations, as well as, local regions. environmental legal expert is revisited, with an example of the aftermath of Katrina Hurricane in New Orleans. I expand my argument by discussing the unlike ability of countries to reduce humour change, hence, different approaches mustine ss be developed. I conclude that when facing environmentalism, even though capitalism has significantly reduced border barriers and imposed a sense of placelessness, human experiences ar still shaped by local geographies. Thus, the role of places is a topic worth a close look.KEY WORDS capitalism, globalisation, environmentalism, dislocation, local geography.Research rangeTheoretical aspect Environmental justice is defined as an attempt to broaden the definition and scope of environmentalism to include basic needs of poor and politically less powerful group. This promotes equality for all humans, regardless of their locations (Scholesberg, 2007).Geographical areasSocial media cheep played an important role in the Protest at 2009 joined Nations Climate Summit in Copenhagen (thewave). Twitter provides a cyber space that connects people from different places around the world. Activists can utilise this to structure and enable the protest to chair place (Ward, 2009). This is an evid ence of how technological advances, developed by capitalism, can overcome distance barriers and connect people, thus, encouraging the social movement of environmental justice. (Segerberg Bennett, 2011)The aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans military personnel experiences after the hurricane are distinguished by their level of wealth. In particular, affluent people are able to hire workers to pass by to New Orleans and hire workers to set up and clean their houses. Meanwhile, poor working class could not rely on anyone to do the work scarcely themselves (Allen, 2007). This is a proof of environmental injustice, which signifies how human experiences can be shaped by local geographies.Essay planI, Introduction (200 words) Introduce fundamental arguments.II, clay (1550 words)1, A sense of dislocation (800 words) Explain how capitalism had affected to environmentalism in a global scalea, Capitalisms bad effects on the environment (200 words)Capitalism has led to escalating emission of greenhouse gases, land use changes, which has significant effects on a global scale (Clark York, 2005).This experience is divided up by all humans and non-humans.b, Capitalism encourages environmentalism (200 words)Capitalism is a major force for globalisation. Globalisation has supported increasing telecommunication, which allows countries to work together to reduce climate change.Use example Earth Summit. Leaders of many countries come together to discuss the most suitable course of fills for environmentalism development. This transcends borders. (United Nations, 1992, 2002)Internet interconnects people in different places. People come together in one cyber space to discuss environmentalism and take actions. Distance is minimised.c, Link to environmental justice (200 words)Define environmental justiceExplain Scholosbergs environmental justice approach. (Scholesberg, 2007)= Everybody works towards a better outcome for environment and humans, aiming to achieve equalit y regardless of places.d, An example of environmental justice movement (200 words)Environmental justice is not only a research subject but also a social movement that relies on collective actions.Use example Twitters role (thewave) in the protest at 2009 United Nations Climate Summit in Copenhagen (Segerberg Bennett, 2011)Result 50,000 people dark out to the march. It was the biggest climate change march in the world ever (Stop Climate Change Chaos Coalition, 2009)= Social media have blurred barriers and borders.2, Specifity of places still exist (750 words)a, Capitalism leads to environmental injustice in different nations/ locations (250 words)Global scale Developed countries try to dump waste to developing countries. Use Chief of populace Banks quote in 1991 (Frey, 1998).Developing countries are forced to face more by environmental threats. Use World Health constitution statistics (Frechette, 2002).b, Link to environmental justice (250 words)National scale minority communi ties are affected more.Use New Orleans (a local scale) as case study. Human experiences are shaped by their level of wealth (Allen, 2007).c, Different ability to address environmentalism (250 words)The ability to reduce climate change differs amongst countries. Eg Developed countries with advanced applied science are able to do more than developing countries (Mikler Harrison, 2012).Internet is global in its reach, but territorially peculiar in its layout (Castells, 2001 209). Infrastructure differs, leading to uneven access to online social movement.Each country must have different approaches to climate change. Experiences are still highlighted by local geographies.III, Conclusion (200 words) Summarise key arguments. Suggest the importance of places in environmentalism approach.Reference listAllen, B. L. (2007). Environmental justice, local knowledge, and after-disaster planning in New Orleans.Technology in Society,29(2), 153-159.Castells, M. (2002).The Internet galaxy Reflection s on the Internet, business, and society. Oxford University Press, 209.Clark, B., York, R. (2005). deoxycytidine monophosphate metabolism Global capitalism, climate change, and the biospheric rift.Theory and Society,34(4), 391-428.Frechette, K.S (2002). Environmental justice Creating Equality, Reclaiming Democracry. Oxford University Press, 10-11.Frey, R. S. (1998). The export of hazardous industries to the peripheral zones of the world-system.Journal of Developing Societies,14(1), 66-81.Mikler, J., Harrison, N. E. (2012). Varieties of capitalism and technological innovation for climate change mitigation.New governmental Economy,17(2), 179-208.Repetto, R. (1990).Paying the price pesticide subsidies in developing countries. World Resources Institute.Scholte, J. A. (1997). Global capitalism and the state.International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), 427-452.Schlosberg, D. (2008).Defining environmental justice. Prescott College.Segerberg, A., Bennett, W. L. (2011). Social media and the organization of collective action Using Twitter to explore the ecologies of two climate change protests.The Communication Review,14(3), 197-215.Stop Climate Chaos Coalition (2009). Retrieved from https//www.stopclimatechaos.org/The United Nations (1992), Earth Summit Conference. Retrieved from http//www.un.org/geninfo/bp/enviro.html.Ward, M. (2009). Twitter on the front line. BBC.

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